SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Analyser</title>

</head>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Analyser</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the optical device, see <a href="Polarizer" title="Polarizer">Polarizer</a>.</div>

</p>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .infobox .side-box{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="side-box side-box-right sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/analyser" class="extiw external" title="wiktionary:analyser">analyser</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div>

</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1305433154">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<p>An <b>analyser</b> (<a href="British_English" title="British English">British English</a>) or <b>analyzer</b> (<a href="American_English" title="American English">American English</a>; see <a href="American_and_British_English_spelling_differences" title="American and British English spelling differences">spelling differences</a>) is a tool used to analyze data. For example, a gas analyzer<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tool is used to analyze gases. It examines the given data and tries to find patterns and relationships. An analyser can be a piece of hardware or software.

</p><p><a href="Autoanalyser" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoanalyser">Autoanalysers</a> are machines that perform their work with little human involvement.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2></div>

<p><a href="Analysis" title="Analysis">Analysis</a> can be done directly on samples or the analyser can process data acquired from a remote sensor. The source of samples for automatic sampling is commonly some kind of industrial <a href="Process_(engineering)" title="Process (engineering)">process</a>. Analysers that are connected to a process and conduct automatic sampling, can be called <b>online</b> (or <b>on-line</b>) <b>analysers</b> or sometimes <b>inline</b> (or <b>in-line</b>) <b>analysers</b>. For inline analysis, a sensor can be placed in a process vessel or stream of flowing material. Another method of online analysis is allowing a sample stream to flow from the process equipment into an analyser, sometimes conditioning the sample stream e.g., by reducing <a href="Pressure" title="Pressure">pressure</a> or changing the sample <a href="Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</a>. Many analysers are not designed to withstand high pressure. Such sampling is typically for <a href="Fluid" title="Fluid">fluids</a> (either liquids or gases). If the sample stream is not substantially modified by the analyser, it can be returned to the process. Otherwise, the sample stream is discarded; for example, if <a href="Reagent" title="Reagent">reagents</a> were added.

</p><p>Pressure can be lowered by a pressure reducing <a href="Valve" title="Valve">valve</a>. Such valves may be used to control the <a href="Flow_measurement" title="Flow measurement">flow rate</a> to the online analyser. The temperature of a hot sample may be lowered by use of an online sample cooler. Analysis can be done periodically (for example, every 15 minutes), or continuously. For periodic sampling, <a href="Valve" title="Valve">valves</a> (or other devices) can be switched open to allow a fluid sample stream to flow to the analyser and shut when not sampling.

</p><p>Some methods of inline analysis are so simple, such as <a href="Electrical_conductivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical conductivity">electrical conductivity</a> or <a href="PH" title="PH">pH</a>, the instruments are usually not even called analysers. <a href="Salinity" title="Salinity">Salinity</a> determined from simple online analysis is often determined from a conductivity measurement where the output signal is calibrated in terms of salinity concentration (for example <a href="Parts_per_million" class="mw-redirect" title="Parts per million">ppm</a> of <a href="Sodium_chloride" title="Sodium chloride">NaCl</a>). Various types of other analyses can be devised. Physical properties can include <a href="Electrical_conductivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical conductivity">electrical conductivity</a> (or effectively <a href="Resistivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Resistivity">electrical resistivity</a>), <a href="Refractive_index" title="Refractive index">refractive index</a>, and <a href="Radioactive_decay" title="Radioactive decay">radioactivity</a> measurement. Simple processes that use inline <a href="Electrical_conductivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical conductivity">electrical conductivity</a> determination are <a href="Water_purification" title="Water purification">water purification</a> processes which test how effectively <a href="Salts" class="mw-redirect" title="Salts">salts</a> have been removed from the output water. Electrical conductivity variations include <a href="Cation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cation">cation</a> and <a href="Anion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anion">anion</a> conductivity. <a href="Chromatography" title="Chromatography">Chromatography</a> such as <a href="Ion_chromatography" title="Ion chromatography">ion chromatography</a> or <a href="High-performance_liquid_chromatography" title="High-performance liquid chromatography">HPLC</a> often tests the output stream continuously by measuring electrical conductivity, particularly cation or anion conductivity, refractive index, <a href="Colorimetry" title="Colorimetry">colorimetry</a> or <a href="Ultraviolet/Visible_spectroscopy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultraviolet/Visible spectroscopy">ultraviolet/visible</a> <a href="Absorbance" title="Absorbance">absorbance</a> at a certain <a href="Wavelength" title="Wavelength">wavelength</a>. InlineOnline and offline analysers are available for other types of <a href="Analyte" title="Analyte">analytes</a>. Many of these add reagents to the samples or sample streams.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_analysers">Types of analysers</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Automated_analyser" title="Automated analyser">Automated analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Breathalyzer" title="Breathalyzer">Breathalyzer</a> (breath analyzer)</li>

<li><a href="Bus_analyzer" title="Bus analyzer">Bus analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Differential_analyser" title="Differential analyser">Differential analyser</a> – early analogue computer</li>

<li><a href="Electron_microprobe" class="mw-redirect" title="Electron microprobe">Electron microprobe</a></li>

<li><a href="Lexical_analysis" title="Lexical analysis">Lexical analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Logic_analyzer" title="Logic analyzer">Logic analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Network_analyzer_(electrical)" title="Network analyzer (electrical)">Network analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Packet_sniffer" class="mw-redirect" title="Packet sniffer">Protocol analyser</a> (packet sniffer)</li>

<li><a href="Quadrupole_mass_analyzer" title="Quadrupole mass analyzer">Quadrupole mass analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Spectrum_analyzer" title="Spectrum analyzer">Spectrum analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Vector_signal_analyzer" title="Vector signal analyzer">Vector signal analyser</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yokogawa.com/us/solutions/products-platforms/process-analyzers/gas-analyzers/">"Gas Analyzer"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160226074103/http://www.yokogawa.com:80/us/solutions/products-platforms/process-analyzers/gas-analyzers/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-02-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-03</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-08" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Analyser&oldid=1299398261">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>